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The importance of knowing your target audience Generally speaking, knowing your target audience is of extreme importance in every professional activity. It is more likely to arise interest in a product if the target consumer identifies himself with it. With scientific research it is no different: by tailoring the message to the listener, you will be closer to being understood more clearly and efficiently. If you also consider the fact that your manuscript will be looked upon and evaluated by several people before it even gets to the pages of a scientific journal, then you might be dealing with a multiplicity of behavioral aspects within a more generic group of audience. That is why Elsevier provides a number of Language Editing services, carefully thought to tailor and adapt your scientific research to every audience, in any situation. Identifying your target audience Knowing to whom you want to speak is sometimes hard to identify, once you think about it. If you still aren’t sure who your target audience is, these key points might help you: Interest: Who will want to read your research? Who will be interested in your key findings? Level of education: Is your document suited for people with an advanced level of education or rather low? Background: Do you want to impact other scientists in the same scientific field as you or professionals in other areas of activity? Expertise: Do you want to engage beginners or experts? Once you have answered these questions, you’ll have a good idea of what your target audience looks like. Now you are ready to plunge into the task of thinking how to convey your message in the best way possible in order to engage them. Don’t forget to have in mind the process of communication and how to make the most of it: Message (what) Target audience (who) The messenger (by whom) Method of transfer (how) Effect of the message transferred (result) The singularity of the target audience for scientific research It is true that scientific researches and reports obey certain standard scientific structures and guidelines for presenting methods, results, and conclusions, making it easier to be identified and read as such. However, there are many other aspects – jargon, correct scientific language, aim, scope (among others) – that might influence negatively your submission if poorly used. Why not consider Elsevier’s Language Editing services? Together with our professionals, you can decide what’s the best approach to address successfully the target audience, also taking into particular consideration the nature of the document. For example: If you are writing a scientific or laboratory report for a university science course – the most immediate target audience would be the examiner or instructor who will grade your work. He will have most certainly a high expertise level so he will expect specialized terminology and accurate explanations. If you are writing a scientific report to describe the progress of a research project to the committee of a funding agency for the purpose of obtaining new or continued financial support - consider that some of your audience will not have in-depth knowledge about your area of specialization. Scientific reports should always be clear and concise, with tables, graphs, and other figures to transform complex data into accessible information to varied readers. If you are preparing a scientific report for formal publication or expanding it into an original research article for a scientific journal, your target audience will be wider and more various. A scientific manuscript submitted to a journal encounters different audiences at different stages in the publication process, so administrative staff may look at it in terms of adherence to guidelines and clear and competent language, whereas peer reviewers will be experts, acting as quality controllers for the research reported. Language Editing Services by Elsevier Author Services: Language Editing Standard: takes a maximum of 7 business days and ensures that your work is written in a correct English (American or British, according to your preferences); it is edited by native speakers and we offer a free re-edit or your money back if the manuscript is rejected due to language errors. Find more about Language Editing Standard Language Editing Plus: it is done within 5 working days; it includes unlimited rounds of language review, a manuscript formatting to meet the requirements of the journal of your choice, Customised Cover Letter and an Assessment Report on your document, among other tasks. Find more about Language Editing Plus Language Editing Express: it can take up to 96 business hours according to the length of the document and here you get the same high quality but faster. Find more about Language Editing Express Language Editing Ph.D. Thesis: ensure that your Ph.D. thesis is written in correct English before you submit it. Find more about Language Editing PhD Thesis Language Editing LaTeX: make sure your LaTeX manuscript is edited by native speakers in (scientific) American or British English and written in correct English before you submit. Find more about Language Editing LaTeX

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